Tuatara
Sphenodon punctatus
Conservation Status
Least ConcernReptilia · Rhynchocephalia · Sphenodontidae
About
The tuatara is a reptile endemic to New Zealand. Despite its lizard-like appearance, it belongs to a distinct order, Rhynchocephalia, whose other members went extinct around 60 million years ago. Tuatara can grow up to 80 cm (31 in) in length and are notable for their slow growth rate and longevity. They have a unique double row of teeth on the upper jaw and a single row on the lower jaw, a feature not seen in any other living reptile.
Fun Fact
Tuataras are the sole surviving members of an order (Rhynchocephalia) that thrived alongside dinosaurs 200 million years ago — they have a vestigial 'third eye' on top of their head that detects light and may regulate circadian rhythms.
Quick Facts
Habitat
Coastal forest and scrubland on offshore islands
Diet
Carnivore
Lifespan
60-100 years
Threats
- Introduced Mammals
- Climate Change